Articulation or phonological disorders involve substituting sounds in words, such as /r/ for /w/ (wed vs. red), /l/ for /w/ (lion vs. wion), or /k/ and /g/ for /t/ and /d/ (car vs. tar, go vs. do).
Articulation disorders may include a frontal lisp (tongue protrusion) or a lateral lisp (incorrect airflow causing slushy speech).
We also address difficulty with overall intelligibility or difficulty understanding your child. According to standardized norms:
A child should be intelligible
● 25% of the time by 18 months
● 50% of the time by 2 years
● 75% of the time by 3 years
● 90-100% of the time by 4 years